INCOME-GENERATING PROJECTS: ALLEVIATING OR PERPETUATING POVERTY?

Income-generating Programmes for Poverty Alleviation through Non-formal Education

Poverty and Income Distribution

As Pakistan’s economy entered the fourth year (FY 2006-07) of above 7.0 percent growth, its poverty headcount had fallen from one-third to less than one-fourth of the population. The confluence of growth accelerating government policies, nature’s blessings and annual growth of 21% in pro-poor expenditures during the period contributed to approximately 13 million people moving out of poverty. In...

Protecting Ecosystems and Alleviating Poverty with Parks and Reserves: ‘Win-Win’ or Tradeoffs?

National parks and reserves are globally popular approaches to protecting biodiversity and the supply of ecosystem services. Because these protected areas limit agricultural development and exploitation of natural resources, they are frequently opposed in developing nations where reducing poverty is an important social objective. Conservation advocates argue that protected areas can alleviate p...

Alleviating poverty or reinforcing inequality? Interpreting micro-finance in practice, with illustrations from rural China.

Academic and political discussions about micro-finance have been found lacking in predictive power, because they are based on orthodox economic theory, which does not properly comprehend the social components of credit. I take a better approach, utilizing credit theory--specifically, Ingham's explication of how the nature of money as credit leads to social inequality. I also expound the perspec...

Income Distribution and Poverty 47

5.1.1 Definitions The basic income indicators in Kazakhstan are the subsistence level and the poverty line. The subsistence level is the value of goods and services at prevailing prices necessary to meet the basic requirements for survival. It is proportional to the value of goods and services included in the consumer basket. The consumer basket consists of a food basket, while 30 percent is ad...